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Law has many purposes. It can regulate private transactions or advance society’s policies. In private law, individuals determine the terms of a contract, but public law might dictate conditions for the contract once it is written up. Legal realists believe society decides what should be law while others believe “natural rights” exist for those people who want to act independently from the government.
People who get a personal injury -- or tort -- have the right to sue the individual who caused them harm. However, it’s not as easy as it sounds. Courts must decide who is ultimately responsible -- does a reasonable person apply or must it be considered from the perspective of the person who caused the injury? Contract and tort law recognize the different degrees of responsibility where liability is concerned.
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